Theoretical study of an energetic material di-1H-1,3,4-triazole derivatives

Computations by density functional theory (DFT) method are performed on a series of di-1H-1,3,4-triazole derivatives with different substituents and linkages. The heat of formation (HOF) is predicted by the designed isodesmic reactions. The predicted results reveal that –N₃ and –NN– groups are effective structural units for increasing the HOF values of the di-1H-1,3,4-triazole derivatives. The HOMO–LUMO gap is affected by the substituents and linkage groups. Detonation performance is evaluated using the Kamlet–Jacobs approach based on the calculated density and HOF. The results indicate that –NO₂, –NF₂, –NH–, –NH–NH– and –NN– groups are helpful for enhancing the detonation properties of di-1H-1,3,4-triazole derivatives. The bond dissociation energy and bond order of the weakest bonds are analyzed to investigate their stability. It is observed that the –CH₂–, –CH₂–CH₂– and –CHCH– groups are effective structural units for improving the stabilities of these derivatives. Considering the detonation performance and the stability, five compounds are screened as the potential candidates for high energy density materials.     

Scale-up synthesis and characterization of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide

2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (ANPZO), as an insensitive high explosive, with a high yield and excellent purity has been prepared at pilot plant scale by an improved method. The synthesized ANPZO is characterized by IR, laser granularity measurement, SEM and HPLC. The particle analysis revealed that the improved method could offer desired product with average particle size of 40 μm and high purity (>98.45%). The experimental parameters exhibited that the detonation velocity of the formulation based on ANPZO was higher than that of the corresponding TATB formulation. The DSC curve showed that the exothermic decomposition of the product occurred at the temperature between 300.5 °C and 360.4 °C. Furthermore, the sensitivity test suggests its safe nature towards mechanical stimulus.     

Analysis on the resistive force in penetration of a rigid projectile

According to the dimensionless formulae of DOP (depth of penetration) of a rigid projectile into different targets, the resistive force which a target exerts on the projectile during the penetration of rigid projectile is theoretically analyzed. In particular, the threshold V_c of impact velocity applicable for the assumption of constant resistive force is formulated through impulse analysis. The various values of V_c corresponding to different pairs of projectile-target are calculated, and the consistency of the relative test data and numerical results is observed.     

某型枪弹火药性能对内弹道性能影响试验研究

通过对某型枪弹 (如经过技术处理的正常弹、减量弹、加温弹、干燥弹及受潮弹 )初速和最大膛压的测定 ,得出火药的药量、初温及挥发份对内弹道性能 (如膛压、初速 )有较大影响 ,因此 ,必须严格控制弹药的储存条件及装药量。     

高旋弹头滑块控制的建模与仿真

建立了双滑块机构下的高旋弹头动力学分析模型,对气动力矩变化和惯量张量变化给外弹道参数带来的影响进行了仿真研究,结果表明:双滑块机构对弹道三维方向的改变均有效果,同时弹头飞行攻角也是逐渐减小,因此系统的稳定性也是可以得到保证的,这就为后续的闭环控制提供了必要的保证.     

舰炮弹道估计的卡尔曼滤波算法

针对舰炮弹道观测校正中的弹道最佳估计问题,提出了转换卡尔曼滤波算法,在三维空间里对观测弹丸飞行轨迹进行滤波,估计最佳弹道。给出了具体的算法并用某型海军舰炮进行了仿真,取得了较好效果。     

火箭-双燃烧室冲压组合循环发动机概念研究

临近空间高超声速飞行器近年来获得了广泛关注,本文提出一种以基于火箭发动机和双燃烧室冲压发动机的多模态火箭-双燃烧室冲压组合循环发动机作为飞行器的动力系统,并进行了性能分析研究。该飞行器在海拔10 km左右高度以0.8马赫的速度投放,在重力和发动机推力的联合作用下,能够在海拔5～8 km处加速到2马赫;然后加速爬升进入临近空间,发动机工作在引射亚燃或者双燃烧室亚燃模态下。可以根据实际选择高推重比、较低推进剂比冲效率的引射亚燃模态,或是较低推重比、高推进剂比冲效率的双燃烧室亚燃模态。最终飞行器加速到6马赫(26 km),进入双燃室超燃模态。针对空中发射模式和地面发射模式进行了轨道优化,仿真结果表明:在加速爬升到6马赫(26 km)的过程中,空中发射模式相比较地面发射模式可以节省37%的推进剂;空中发射模式存在一个负的最优初始飞行角度使得剩余质量与初始质量的比值达到最大。     

末修迫弹修正效果影响因素分析

在对脉冲控制迫弹末修原理简单介绍的基础上，在六自由度弹道模型上进行了蒙特卡洛仿真打靶试验。分析在落点预测导引模式和XZ追踪导引模式下，脉冲启控时刻、脉冲个数和修正模式对修正效果的影响，并对两种导引模式修正原理和特点进行详细的对比分析，得到两种导引模式下确定脉冲参数的原则。     

某型飞机短周期模态特性分析

对纵向短周期模态方程进行了推导和简化,分析了短周期模态的成因和影响的因素,以某型飞机为例计算了本体的短周期模态参数变化规律,分析了其不足,并提出改进方法并进行了计算验证,得到了较好的结果。     

指令制导防空炮弹启控点参数的确定方法

简要阐述了指令制导防空炮弹有控弹道控制模式,建立了鸭舵控制力和控制力矩作用下的有控弹道模型,研究了弹丸理想启控姿态和启控位置的确定方法,得到了确定理想启控位置的启控函数.数值仿真结果表明,该启控函数简单、快速,具有较高精度,易于计算机程序实现,弹丸有控弹道也可保持飞行稳定.研究结果对今后深入展开指令制导防空炮弹的研究和工程设计具有一定的参考意义.